Driving is one of the riskiest things many of us do daily—especially for commercial drivers, who face heightened risks that not only affect their own safety but can also endanger others on the road. A study cited in Safety + Health magazine revealed that while 83% of respondents believe they’re safer behind the wheel than commercial drivers, the truth is that only 3% of serious accidents actually involve commercial drivers. Interestingly, when the stakes are higher, drivers tend to be more focused on the risks and often have better safety records. However, complacency is a dangerous thing, and driving the same route every day can lull even the most experienced drivers into a false sense of security.
Operating large vehicles presents unique safety challenges beyond the usual driving concerns. For instance, bus drivers have the added pressure of managing passengers while navigating the road. Moreover, other drivers tend to take more liberties when sharing the road with large vehicles. But it’s not just the drivers of big rigs who need to be aware of these risks—understanding them is the first step in preventing potential accidents.
Pre-Trip Inspections
Before hitting the road, commercial drivers must conduct a pre-trip inspection—a “circle check”—to ensure the vehicle is in safe condition. This is required by law. If any deficiencies were noted in the last inspection, the driver must confirm that repairs have been made and the vehicle is ready to go.
Since pre-trip inspections can be done up to 24 hours before departure, it’s wise to take a moment to physically walk around the vehicle right before leaving. This is crucial not only for ensuring the vehicle’s condition but also for identifying hazards in the surroundings. Look out for obstacles like loose objects, toys, or animals near the vehicle, as well as children playing in the vicinity. These seemingly small risks can have catastrophic consequences when overlooked.
High Cognitive Load
Driving is a mentally demanding job. Studies on bus drivers have shown that high demands, low control, and insufficient support lead to stress and an increased risk of physical and mental health issues. The strain on cognitive abilities—such as visual and memory processing—can be exacerbated by factors like navigation systems, radio distractions, passenger interactions, and of course, cell phones. Even hands-free phone calls are distractions because they pull your focus from the road. It’s vital for drivers to stay sharp, as driving can quickly become a routine task that breeds complacency.
Fatigue
Driver fatigue is a major concern, particularly in today’s challenging labor market. The ongoing employee shortage has pushed many drivers to work longer hours, leading to irregular sleep patterns. Fatigue is known to triple the risk of accidents, and drivers who get less than six hours of sleep each night are particularly vulnerable.
Additionally, the time of day can impact a driver’s alertness. Circadian rhythms, the body’s natural internal clock, play a significant role in determining when we feel drowsy. That’s why late afternoons and the hours between midnight and 7 a.m. are peak times for fatigue-related incidents.
Greater Risks with Larger Vehicles
Driving a large vehicle presents additional risks that can’t be ignored. For one, commercial vehicles are less maneuverable and take longer to stop than smaller cars. Wide turns, large blind spots, and the sheer size of the vehicle require heightened awareness. Drivers need to constantly scan the road and check mirrors to stay aware of their surroundings.
Weather conditions also amplify the risks. Rain, snow, ice, or even wet leaves can cause large vehicles to lose traction, and road hazards like loose gravel or oil spills pose even greater threats to safety. Drivers must remain vigilant, especially in adverse weather conditions.
Additionally, lone worker safety is a concern for many commercial drivers, particularly bus drivers who often work alone and are at risk of encountering dangerous situations or even violence. Human factors training is crucial in preparing drivers for these risks, teaching them how to anticipate potential mistakes, both on the road and within their own minds.
Lack of Driver Ergonomics
Professional drivers are at a higher risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) due to the prolonged sitting and vibrations they experience on the job. But proactive steps can make a big difference. Proper ergonomic setup in the driver’s seat can help prevent pain and discomfort over time.
Ensure the seat is adjusted correctly for each driver. When sitting, your knees should be level with your hips, and there should be a two-finger gap between your knee and the seat. This reduces unnecessary pressure on the back. The seat should be positioned so that the foot pedals are easily accessible, and the backrest should be tilted at a 100-110 degree angle to reduce pressure on the lower spine. Consider adding lumbar support or a cushion to reduce vibrations.
Don’t forget about the steering wheel—if it’s too high, it can strain shoulder muscles, and if it’s too low, it can lead to neck and back pain. Once the seat is adjusted, take the time to check your mirrors and adjust your posture if you’re slouching.
Finally, don’t neglect regular breaks. After every hour of driving, take a moment to stretch and walk around to reduce body stress and prevent long-term issues.
Sharing the Road with Large Vehicles
It’s not just commercial drivers who need to stay alert—everyone should be mindful of the unique challenges faced by those behind the wheel of large vehicles. Always give them plenty of space, especially when they make wide turns or are navigating through tight spots. And, most importantly, be patient. Rushing or driving aggressively increases the risk of accidents and will only contribute to the mental and physical toll of driving. Being patient on the road not only makes the journey safer for everyone but also helps reduce stress and improve focus behind the wheel.
By acknowledging these often-overlooked safety factors and taking proactive steps to address them, we can all contribute to a safer driving environment for commercial drivers and all road users
